Apparatus for constructing concrete columns.



APPARATUS Foa APPL H. S. TAFT.

CONSTRUCTING CONCRETE COLUMNS.

cATloN man MAY22,1913.

Patented May 11, 1915.

5 SHEETS-SHEET l.

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HH Nulele l5 Faibles co.. PHO! H'. S. TAFT.

APPARATUS FOR CONSTRUCTING CONCRETE COLUMNS.

4 APPLICATION FILED MAY 22| 1913. 11911399340 Patented May 11, 1915.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

THE NORRlS PETERS CO..PHDTc-LI1'HO., WASHlNGmN. D. C4

H. S. TAFT.

APPARATUS FOR CONSTRUCTING CONCRETE COLUMNS.

APPLICATION HLED MAY 22. 1913.

191399354@ Patented May 11, 1915.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

THE NORRIS PETERS Cd.. FMCITc-LITHO41 WASHINGTON, D. 4':A

H. S. TAFT.

APPARATUS FOR CONSTRUCTING CONCRETE COLUMNS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 22. 1913.

191398@ Patented May11,1915.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

THE NoRRls PETERS C04. PHOTO-LITHO., WASHINGTON. D, c.

H. S. TAFT.

APPARATUS FOR CONSTRUCTING CONCRETE COLUMNS. APPLICATION FILED MAY22.19I3.

L. 391,334@ Patented May 11, 1915.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

@fawn/59W THE MORRIS PETERS C0.. PHaTG-UTHO.. WASHING mN. n c

DNPPFQD TATE PATENT FFCF.

HARRISON S. TAFT, OF SEATTLE, WASHINGTON.

APPARATUS FOR CONSTRUCTING CONCRETE COLUMNS.

Application filed May 22, 1913.

b all @07mm it may concern:

Be it known that l, HARRISON S. TAFT, a citizen of the United States,and resident of Seattle, in the county of King and State of vWashington,have invented new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for ConstructingConcrete Columns, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the construction of columns of concrete orreinforced concrete, and has for its particular object the facilitationof under-water operations of this character in situations where thedepth of water renders caisson work diflicult or impossible.

rThe invention consists in apparatus adapted to the construction ofeither solid or hollow concrete piles or columns.

ln the drawings hereto annexed, which illustrate my invention and themode of operation,-

Figures l, l and lb show in section the lower, middle and upper parts ofa concrete column'or pile and the apparatus for building the same, (Fig.lb being on a larger scale than l, or la) Fig. 2 is a cross section (ona larger scale) on the line 2 2 of Fig. la; Fig. 3 is a cross section ona larger scale at the line 3 3 of Fig. l; Fig. at is a vertical sectionon still larger scale of a perforated exterior guide; Fig. 5 is avertical section on the same scale as Fig. l of the interior guide forthe center core form of the column; Fig. 6 is a cross section taken online (3-6 of Fig. lb; Fig. 7 shows a plan view of the arrangement of thereinforcement of the conical hollow head of the column; and Fig. S isvertical sectional view of a concrete column constructing' apparatusshowing the method of introducing the concrete into the mold or form.

Referring to Figs. l, la, lb and 8: a cylindrical sheet pile or coiferA, which is put together in sections, is sunl into the bottom material Mto such a distance that the water in the interior of the coffer A may bereadily pumped out and the interior kept waterfree. Any suitable sheetpiling material may be used to build the coffer A, such as, forinstance, Lackawanna sheet piling. The coffer A is braced internally bythe bracing rings A which are wedged into place and preferably heldtogether and spaced b vmeans of hangers, such as a. lnto the interior ofthe coffer A the outer form C, which is composed of sections, is

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May il, MM5.

serial No. 769,212.

lowered into place and the lower section or cutting edge C driven orsunk into the bottom material M to a suitable distance either before,during, or after, the excavating operation. Angle iron rings C2 may beemployed to join the sections of this outer form together. The form Cbeing` placed within the outer coffer A, the interior of the form C maybe pumped out and the bottom material M excavated therefrom as far asdesired, and then, if necessary, sub-piles P are driven into the bottommaterial.

An apparatus for driving the sub-piling will not be described here sinceit forms the subject matter of an application for United States LettersPatent filed by me concurrently herewith and serially numbered 769,215.

YVhen the sub-piles P have been driven and prepared for the depositionof concrete, the concrete is poured in to form a base B, which embracesand binds the sub-piling P; thereupon, the form D, or a section of it,may be lowered into place. The conical termination D9 of the form Dshould preferably be supported and centered so as to stand above theheads of the piles P and be spaced therefrom. If desired, reinforcingmetal may be incorporated into the base B in the usual manner so as tolock or anchor the superincumbent mass to the base. Reinforcing materialfor the column or pile itself will consist of rods or metal strips whichmay be formed in various ways. mode of arranging the reinforcement for ahollow pile is indicated in Figs. l421 and 1b, where a cage is formed ofvertical rods H and spirally arranged rods I. Outside of this cage-likearrangement other parallel vertical rods G may be employed.

The lower course of metal reinforcement, being in place, concrete isdeposited on the top of the base B and around the heads of the piles Pwhich were left projecting above the top of the base B, and thereupon,the inner form is lowered into place. This inner form is generallydesignated as D in Fig. l, and consists of a hollow metal shell puttogether in sections and provided with an interior spreading or bracingdevice, which will presently be described. The lowermost section oftheinterior form D will have preferably a conical termination as shown atD, Fig. l; this lower section need not be permanently attached to thesection next above it, so that when the interior form is finally removed(as presumably it will be) from the column or pile, the conical form atD9 will remain in place.

The structure of the inner Aform D is shown in Figs. la and 3. An outershell D ofV comparatively thin metal is reinforced from within byseveral segmental metal sections D2, which are provided with angle ironreinforcements D3 to which are attached links DL which extend radiallyto a nut D5, which is threaded to receive a threaded portion on thecentral rod D6; the nuts D5 are right-handed in some instances andlefthanded in others, as indicated in Fig. l, so that when the rod D( isturned, the left hand threaded nuts will be drawn toward the right handthreaded nuts and the links D4 moved toggle-wise to brace'thereinforcing segmentsV D2 firmly against the interior of thecomparatively thin shell D. vFor convenience, metal ladder rungs asD8may be secured to one of these segments D2' and plates or platforms asD7, to others. These adjuncts serve to'strengthen the reinforcingsegments D2 and also provide facilities for men who may have to descendinto the inner form generally designated as D. The thin shell D ismerely a skin over the effective structure of the form itself, andremoval of the' form D, may, and usually would,

'mean, removal of the structure within the shell D', which in most caseswill be left in the pile.

The apparatus for building the concrete column in the annular spacebetween the outer form C and the inner form D, comprises as itsprincipal functional factor the sliding perforated exterior' guide Ewhich is a metal tube or box provided with a large number ofperforations which preferably slant downward and outward; this tube orbox is of less diameter than the interior of the outer form C and hasangle iron ribs extending from top to bottom which bear against theinterior of the outer form C. The structure of the perforated slidingexterior guide is shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The perforated portion is madein segments E which are joined to the angle iron ribs E2. Thisperforated exterior guide E serves and assists in the properdistribution of concrete within the form C. Also it serves as a holderfor the interior cage-like reinforce- .ment composed of the reinforcingmembers H-I (see Figs. l and 3). This cage-like reinforcement structureis cylindrical in form and, as illustrated in Fig. 1, extends verticallythroughout the body of the column. The dimensions of this cylindricalcage-like reinforcement H-I are such as to fit easily inside thecylindrical guide E which consequently holds the cage reinforcement H-Iproperly centered while concretek is being deposited around it to embedthe said reinforcement in the column.

The guide E may also be adapted to hold outer vertical reinforcementsuch as rods G,

as follows: A hoop E4 (see Figs. 3 and 4).

is secured to the inside of the cylindrical guide E preferably at ornear the vupper surface of the cylindrical segments E by means of blocksE5 between which are left spaces for the accommodation of the verticallydisposed reinforcement rods Cr.

These rods being slipped into their ap-pro- Vedge thereof and is spacedfrom the inner priate holes between the blocks E5, are held.k

1n proper Vposition while concrete is being deposited around them, andas the guide E slides upward new rods G can be inserted between theblocks E5 as required. The proportions of'theperforated guide E are suchthat the cage-like reinforcement H, I,

is embraced by it while the angles E2 slide together by means of platesF2 which project both inside and outside of the cylindrical shellcomposed of the segments F. These plates F f bear against the inner formD and also against the metal reinforcement H, I, so that the former iskept truly centered during the deposition ofY concreteV which mightotherwise displace Vor distort it. Ropes or wires L serve to suspend andmanipulate the interior guide F.

The inner form D may be built up in sections as work progresses, theinner reinforcement H, I, lowered into place outside the interior guideF and inside the perforated exterior guide E, and if desired,reinforcing rods G are inserted between the spacer blocks E5 provided asabove described in thelguidek E. Concrete properly Y mixed is sent downthrough tubes in a manner hereinafter described and fills the spacebetween the interior form D and `exterior form C, passing by theinterior guide F and entering the interior of the perforated'guide E.The perforations allowthe fine material to pass outside, filling thespace between the guide E and the exterior form C; the forcible descentof the concreteV material exericises an effective tamping action whichmay be supplemented by movement oftherguide E which is raised byVdegrees as they deposit of concrete progresses', the interior guide Fbeing raised ina corresponding manner so as to perform its function asaspacing and centering contrivance for the inner form D.

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In this manner and with the apparatus hereinabove described, theconcrete column or pile is built from its foundation to the desiredheight. In completing the column and before the head or capital is builtthereon, if a column be hollow as shown in Figs. l, la, and 1b, thehollow core is completed by placing a conical cap at D10 over the axialopening in the column and placing around this cap D10 the conical orconoidal reinforcement composed of circumferential and longitudinalreinforced metal O and N which is prepared for the reinforcement of theconical head shown in Fig. 1b. This conical head is preferably providedwith a central solid core of concrete C and is molded with webs R whichextend from the core C to the conical shell C.

The manner in which concrete is deposited in the course of constructingthe column or pile is indicated in Fig. 8, which shows a simplerapparatus for the construction of a solid concrete pile. In thisapparatus the coifer A and form C, sub-piling P and foundation concreteB set in the bottom material M are all substantially as describedhereinabove. The reinforcing material (not shown in Fig. 8) willpreferably be introduced as shown in Figs. l, 1a and 3. Since theconcrete will be introduced into the center of the column in order toform the solid pile, it will not be necessary to provide an interiorguide such as shown in Fig. 5. The perforated guide E, however, performsits function in the construction of the solid pile, first, in keepingthe reinforcing metal in place, and second, in straining the finematerial through its perforations, so as to produce a suitable surfaceat the outside of the concrete column. The concrete is deposited in theform C by means of the sectional tube rI into the top of which concreteis delivered from the hopper or chute, as S. As the column progresses inconstruction from below upward, sections of the tube T will be removedand hoisted out of the form C. In the construction of the hollow pile orcolumn above described similar tubes will be employed of suitable sizeand shape to deliver the material into the space between the inner andouter forms.

The mode of molding and forming the hollow conical heads is too wellknown to engineers acquainted with concrete construction to requiredetailed description.

Apparatus substantially as above described may be constructed and itsparts so shaped as to adapt 1t to the formation of polygonal piles aswell as cylindrical.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In apparatus for constructing reinforced concrete columns, thecombination of an outer inclosing form, and a guide, fitted to slide insaid outer form, and comprising means .to embrace and hold in positionthe reinforcing members for the column.

2. In apparatus for constructing reinforced concrete columns, thecombination of an outer inclosing form, and a perforated guide, fittedto slide in said outer form and comprising means to embrace and hold inposition the reinforcing members for the column.

3. In apparatus for constructing concrete columns, the combination of anouter inclosing form, a guide, fitted to slide in said inclosing form,and provided with spacer strips to bear on the interior of said form,said guide also comprising means to embrace and hold in position thereinforcing members for the column.

4. In apparatus for constructing concrete columns, the combination of anouter inclosing form, a perforated g-uide, fitted to slide in saidinclosing form and provided with spacer strips to bear on the interiorof said form, said guide also comprising means to embrace and hold inposition the reinforcing members for the column.

5. In apparatus for constructing reinforced concrete columns, thecombination of an outer inclosing form, and a guide, fitted to slide insaid outer form, and comprising means to embrace and hold in positionthe reinforcing members for the column, and a water excluding Colfersurrounding the said outer inclosing form.

6. In apparatus for constructing reinforced concrete columns, thecombination of an outer inclqsing form, and a perforated guide, fittedto slide in said outer form, and comprising means to embrace and hold inposition the reinforcing members for the column, and a water excludingColfer surrounding the said outer inclosing form.

7. In apparatus for constructing rein forced concrete columns, thecombination of an outer inclosing form, comprising detachable sections,and a guide, fitted to slide in said outer form, and comprising means toembrace and hold in position the reinforcing members for the column.

8. In apparatus for constructing reinforced concrete columns, thecombination of an outer inclosing form, comprising detachable sections,and a perforated guide, fitted to slide in said outer form, andcomprising means to embrace and hold in position the reinforcing membersfor the column.

9. In apparatus for constructing reinforced concrete columns, thecombination of an outer inclosing form, comprising detachable sections,and a guide, fitted to slide in said inclosing form, and provided withspacer strips to bear on the interior of said form, said guide alsocomprising means to embrace and hold in position the reinforcing membersfor the column.

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'10. In apparatus for constructing reinforced concrete columns, thecombination of an outer inclosing form, comprising detachable sections,and a perforated guide, fitted to slide in said inclosing form, andprovided with spacer strips to bear on` the interior of said form, saidguide also comprising means to embrace and hold in position thereinforcing members for the-column.

11. In apparatus for constructing reinforced concrete columns, thecombination of an outer inclosing form, comprising detachable sections,and a guide, fitted to slide in said outer form, and comprising means toembrace and hold in position the reinforcing members for the column, anda Water eX- cluding coffer surrounding the said oute inclosing form. Y

12. In apparatus for constructing reinforced concrete columns, thecombination of van outer inclosing form, comprising detachable sections,and a perforated guide, fitted to slide in said outer form, andcomprising means to embrace and hold in positionthe reinforcing membersfor the column, and a Water excluding cofier surrounding the saidinclosing form.y Y

l13. In apparatus for constructing concrete columns, the combination ofan outer inclosing form, an outer guide, fitted to slide in said outerform, and comprising means to embrace and hold in position thereinforcing members for the column, an innerv guide fitted to slideWithin said reinforcing means, and to embrace and slide upon an innerform, and said inner form.

14. In apparatus for constructing concrete columns, the combination ofan outer inclosing form, an outer .perforated guide, fitted to slide insaid outer form, and comprising means to embrace and hold in positionthe reinforcing 'members for the column, an inner guide, fitted to slideWithin said reinforcing means and .to embrace and Yslide upon an innerform, and said inner form.

15. In apparatus for constructing concrete columns, the combination ofan outer inclosing form, an outer guide, fitted to slide in said outerform, and provided With spacer strips to bear on the interior of saidform, said outer guide also comprising means to embrace and hold inposition the reinforcing members for the column, an inner guide,provided With spacer strips on the inside and outside to bear and sliderespectively on an inner forml and the reinforcing members, and saidinner form.

16. In apparatus for constructing concrete columns, the combination ofan outer inclosing form, an outer perforated guide, fitted to slide insaid outer form, and provided With spacer strips to bear on the interiorof said form, said outer guide also comprising means to embraceand holdin position the reinforcing members for the column, and an inner guide,provided with spacer strips on the inside and outside to bear and sliderespectively on an inner form and the reinforcing members, and saidinner form. Y i l 17. In apparatus for constructing concrete columns,the combination of an outer inclosing form, an outer guide, fitted toslide in said outer form, and comprising 18. In apparatus forconstructing con crete columns, the combination ofy an outer inclosingform, an outer `perforated gu-ide, fitted to slide in said outer form,and comprising means to embrace and hold in position the reinforcingmembers for the column, an innery guide, fitted to slide Within saidreinforcing means, andl to embrace rand slide upon an inner form, andsaid inner form, and a Water excluding coff'er surrounding the saidouter inclosing form.

19. In apparatus for constructing concrete columns, the combination ofan outer inclosing form, comprising detachable sections, an outer guide,fitted to slide in said outer form and comprising means to em-j braceand hold in position the reinforcing members for the column, an innerguide,

fitted to slide Within said reinforcing means,

and to embrace and Vslide upon an inner Y form, and said inner form.

20. In apparatus for constructing concrete columns, the combination ofan outer inclosing form, comprising detachable sections, an outerperforated guide, fitted to slide in said outer form, and comprisingmeans to embrace and hold in position the reinforcing members for thecolumn, an inner guide, fitted to slide Within said reinforcing means,and toembrace and slide upon an inner form, and said inner form.

21. In apparatus for constructing concrete columns, the combination ofan outer inclosing form, an outer guide, fitted to slide in said outerform, and providedwith spacer strips to bear on the interior of saidform, said outer guide also comprising means to embrace and hold inposition the reinforcing members for the column, .an inner guide,provided with spacer strips on the inside Vand outside, to bear andslide respectively on an inner form and the reinforcing members, andsaid inner form, Vand a Water excluding coffer surrounding the saidouter inclosing form.

22. In apparatus for constructing concrete columns, the combination ofan outer inclosing form, an` outer perforatedV guide,

fitted to slide in said outer form, and proform, and a Water excludingcoi'er sur- 10 vided with spacer strips to bear on the inrounding thesaid outer inclosing form.

terior of said form, said guide also com Signed by me at Seattle,Washington, this prising means to embrace and hold in 12th day of May1913. position the reinforcing members for the HARRISON S TAFT column,an inner guide, provided with spacer strips on the inside and outside,to Witnesses:

bear and slide respectively on an inner form EUGENE L. MGALLASTER, andthe reinforcing members, and said inner CLIFFORD WILEY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C.

